Transit.



D.-:W. BRUNTON.

TRANSIT.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 8, 1911.

- 1,042,079. Patented Oct. 22, 1912.

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iig zfi'z Specification of To all whom it may concern:

Bezit known that 1, DAVID W. BRUN'ION,

Y a citizen of the United *States, residing at 5 Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Transits, of i which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention is desi ned to improve the construction and exten the usefulness of the pocket transit of my Patent No. 526,021,- dated September 18, 1894.

The improvements consist, 1, in the addition to the Vernier of a second bubble tube, which is arranged at right angles to thetraiisverse bubble tube, and serves as a means for perfectly leveling the instrument whether held in the hands or supported upon a tripod; and 2, in the provision of means for readily applying the instrument to a tripod. These and other features singly and in combination comprise the present invention. In the accompanying drawings illustrating the invention, in the several figures of which like parts are similarly designated, Figure 1 is a plan view of the transit in open state. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the open transit mountedupon a tripod, the sights being shown horizontal in full lines and upright in dotted lines.- Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the free end of the cover. Fig. 1- is a perspective view of the folding sight detached; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the vernier detached. Fig. 6 is a top view of the front end of the transit closed. Fig. 7 is a front elevation of the transit closed.

The body of the instrument may comprise a casing I, graduated as desired, and having a lid on cover 2 hinged thereto as at 3. The casing has the magnetic compass needle 4, and the locking lever 5 therefor, and the longitudinally slotted, adjustable, folding sight 6, hinged to the front as at 7. The cover has the inside mirror 8, sight line 9, and sight opening 10, all substantially as in the patent referred to. The casing has the vernier 11 with its transverse bubble tube 12 and its operating crank lever or handle 13, also as in the said patent, but in accordance with the present invention the Vernier is provided with a second bubble tube 14 arranged at right angles to the bubble tube 12, one of the objects of which is to provide a means for perfectly leveling the in- Lette s mat, ratenteaoceeeneae,

- soplicationflled July 3, 1911 Serial No. 638,751.

l strument whether held in the hands or placed upon a tripod.

While the instrument is primarily for use in the hands, yet/occasions often arise when it is very desirable to use it u on a tripod, especially where a greatnumb vations have to be taken from a central station, and the observer is making his own notes. In working with a single assistant, using the instrument on a tripod leaves the observer with both hands free, so that he may 'make a record'of his notes and also hold one end of the ta e-line; and, moreover, it makes it possib e for each observation to be taken from exactly thesame' point. To this end, the casing is made preferab 'with diagonally opposite notches 15; an

the tripod attachment comprises a curved spring bracket 16 having reentrant ends 1? .which are sprung into the notches 15; and

this bracket is mounted upon any suitable adjustable standard or spindle 18, preferably having a universal connection 19 with a base 20 which is-adapted to be applied to the head 21 of'the tripod, part only of which tripod'is shown,see Fig. 2. By the means described, the instrument may be applied to a tripod at any angle. In order not to interfere' with the appearance or portability of the instrument, the bracket is curved so as to leave plenty of room below the instrument'to permit the Vernier crank to be operated by the finger of the observer, without interfering 'with the tripod attachment.

The provision of means for adjustably er of obsermounting the instrument upon a tripod greatly increases the utility of the instrument. For example, tracing the outcrop of a dipping vein on irregular ground, especially where the apex runs diagonally across hills and valleys,-is an exceedingly dilficult operation and, with an ordinary surveying instrument requires an immense amount of labor and calculation, but with this instrument wherever the true strike and dip of the vein are established by one or more openings the waving line of outcrop may be readily followed by simply setting the instrument, by means of the adjustable head, to a position so that the sights will rotate in the plane of the vein and show its outcrop over an irregular surface.

In places where there is local magnetic attraction it is sometimes desirable to run tangent lines by back-sightin instead of with the needle, and in order t at this may be done, with accuracy, the sights 22 and 23 are applied respectively to the ends of the folding sight 6 and the free edge of the cover 2. These sights are substantially alike and are respectively hinged to their parts so as to be turned at'any desired angle and to be folded down out of the way when the 'instrument is not in use, or these sights are not required. Each sight has a beveled sight hole 24 and a sight point 25. These sights are used in substantially the same manner as peep sights on a rifle, and being both alike, forward and back sighting may take place under the same conditions; and to provide for anv inequalities of the ground, either the folding sight or mirror lid may be elevated or depressed'to meet conditions.

The sights herein shown and described are the subject of my application for patent filed August 1, 1912, Serial No. 712,712, same being divided out of this application in accordance with the requirement of the Patent Office.

While I have shown and described a preferred means for readily applying the transit to a tripod, in which the spring bracket engages notches in the casing, it is to be understood that other-means to this end may be used, and particularly that a spring bracket otherwise engaging the transit may be employed; but I prefer to use a tripod connection that may be snapped into engagement with the casing, as with the flange 26 surrounding and protecting the crank arm 13.

The improvements described add greatly to the value, convenience and possibilitiesof the instrument in varied work, especially of the mining engineer.

The instrument is susceptible of all of the uses mentioned in the patent referred to, in addition to having the added facilities incident to the improvements herein referred to. i

What I claim is:-- r

1. A transit of the character described, having a- Vernier provided with a transversely arranged bubble tube and in addition a longitudinally arranged bubble tube placed at a right angle thereto. A

2. In a transit of the character described, a casing having means by which it may be engaged by a bracket for mounting it upon a tripod, combined with a bracket adapted to be sprung into engagement with the casing, and an adjustable joint for attaching the bracket to a tripod.

3. In a transit of the character described,

a casing having means by which it may be engaged by a bracket for mounting it upon a tripod, combined with a spring bracket adapted to be snapped into engagement with the casing and having means for attachment to any suitable tripod. c

4. In a transit of the character described, a casing having notches, combined with a spring bracket adapted to be sprung into said notches, and means to apply said bracket to a tripod.

5. In a transit of the character described, having notches in its casing, a curved spring bracket provided with rentrant ends adapted to be 'sprunginto said notches, and curved downwardly and provided with a universal joint for connection with a tripod.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this thirtieth day of June AD.

DAVID W. BRUNTON. Witnesses C. W. LYMLN, WILLIAM M. DAY. 

